The main factors contributing to fiber attenuation are: intrinsic, bending, extrusion, impurities, inhomogeneities and docking.
Intrinsic: is the inherent loss of the fiber, including: Rayleigh scattering, inherent absorption, etc.
Bending: The loss caused by the loss of light scattered in the fiber when the fiber is bent.
Extrusion: The loss caused by the small bend of the fiber when it is squeezed.
Impurities: Impurities in the fiber absorb and scatter the light propagating in the fiber, resulting in loss.
Uneven:The loss caused by the non-uniform refractive index of the fiber material.
Butt splice:Losses caused by fiber butt splice, such as: different axis (single-mode fiber coaxiality requirements less than 0.8μ m), end face and axis is not perpendicular, end face is not flat, butt core diameter mismatch and poor fusion quality.
